Business Report Growth in E-Commerce Industry free essay sample

A report demonstrating the potential in the development of online supermarkets and proposals that an invented organization, ABC Mart, ought to think about entering this market. This paper is introduced as a business report to urge ABC Mart to enter the market of online supermarkets, because of the development of this market lately. The report covers the developing internet business industry, the development in online basic food item markets, and uses charts to delineate insights. As indicated by an exploration study distributed by IDC, the online staple spending is required to develop essentially in the coming scarcely any years. The figures in the report have uncovered that online basic food item spending will be most noteworthy in the some significant classifications till 2004. These incorporate the customary basic food item items, wellbeing and magnificence items, arranged nourishments and comfort administrations. With the spread of Internet in the ongoing years, a few new network spaces have multiplied on the web.

Refugee Blues

Constructive Image| Negative Image| Effect| Some are living in mansions| Some are living in holes| This shows while a few people are off, others, similar to the exiles, have no place better than average to live. | Evert spring it blooms a new| Old international IDs cannot do that| A tree can develop yet a visa cant| Saw a poodle in a coat attached with a pin| But they weren’t German Jews my dear| Saying how pets get more extravagances then them| Saw fish swimming as though they were free| Only ten feet away | The fish have more opportunity then them|Use of language| Example| Effect| Use of repetition| We can't go there now, my dear, my dear can't go there now. (â€Å"my dear† rehashed in each stanza)| Emphasize how terrible there circumstance is| Language passing on misery or despair| Asked me affably to return one year from now, But where will we go to-day my dear, where will we go to-day? Causes us to feel thoughtful to them | Language about the political circumstance and the conduct of the officials| The delegate slammed the table and stated: â€Å"if you have no identification you’re formally dead†| The diplomat sounds merciless on the grounds that he’s fundamentally saying they are dead despite the fact that they are alive| Language about homelessness| Dreamed I saw a structure with a thousand stories, a thousand stories; a thousand windows and a thousand entryways; and not one of them was our own, my dear, not one of them was our own. Makes it sound like they are encircled by so much haven yet they are not permitted in any of them| Language about war| Ten thousand troopers walked back and forth. Searching for you and me, my dear, searching for you and me| Ten thousand troopers are searching for two human All the fighters are searching for the Jews| | Refugee blues-blues musicTen million spirits (strict, sacred, infers we are no different) Society is out of line in transit it treats individuals (some are living in chateau s, some are living in openings) Atlas †there not anyplace near there home, Palestine or Germany The regular world is in a ceaseless condition of restoration, they lost their travel papers and are no longer residents They are advised to pause and afterward come back again one year from now †inhumane He analyzes the furious discourses by Hitler to he roar in the sky The poodle and feline are dealt with better then the German perspectives (they cannot give a similar consideration to their kindred people) Pathetic misrepresentation the climate coordinates the state of mind of the sonnet (the day off) blues is extremely pertinent today, the exiles in England DEJECTED †you've abandoned life dismissal and sadness (dampened, dispirited, powerful, discouraging, Foreboding, sorrowful, despair, sharpness, disdain, outrage)

Essay Writing Methods Using Sociological Essay Samples

Essay Writing Methods Using Sociological Essay SamplesIn an attempt to overcome the boredom and discomfort of writing academic essays, students are drawn to sociological essay samples, where they can learn a variety of topics that would be used in an assignment. Essay writing is a critical part of preparing for a standardized test, and students may find essay samples on hand from when they were studying, when they were working, or even before they were even in school. They can be a helpful tool that provides insight into how college students think and write.Sociological essay samples teach the basics of what constitutes good essay writing and what subjects should be included in an essay. Students are taught how to create a strong argument, how to identify the 'why' of their essay, and how to give emphasis to certain aspects. The process of creating a well-written essay is an important lesson that prepares them for the final grade that will come upon completion of the assignment.Most sociology essay samples will take the form of a handout that provides a brief description of the essay topic. While the topics may vary, the theme for each sample may include a history of the society, introduction to the reader, who and what causes society to change, and how society makes its decisions, among other things. Many of these samples can be downloaded from the Internet, which makes it easy for all concerned to modify the samples according to the current trends in the coursework or subject.Sociological essay samples are a great source of information for students that have not written a piece of scholarship in a long time. While some students may have received tutoring from a teacher, this information is only as valuable as the student uses it. A student with knowledge of proper essay writing and research methods will be able to make better use of the information and use it to the greatest benefit.Because these essay samples provide a simple, but effective, introduction to the essay topic, they also help students get to know what they are writing about. The idea is to introduce the topic and its various aspects in an exciting and interesting way that will catch the interest of the reader. While this can be achieved in the regular classroom setting, it can be enhanced by the use of the many sociological essay samples available online.While an introductory text may offer an overview of the topic, the focus is always on teaching students how to analyze, explain, and summarize the facts in the introduction. The introduction provides a summary of the subject matter, and thus, should be researched thoroughly. The writing style should be professional and the information presented is concrete, which means that you should know what to write about and what to do with the material.The best part about sociological essay samples is that they are relatively inexpensive, which means that the cost is generally less than it would be to purchase a book or other type of text. The costs are negotiable, which means that you can choose the type of materials that you want, and how much you want to spend. You can even obtain some very useful material for free, which is beneficial to students who are working on a budget and would like to use the material in their own writing.In order to keep up with the changing patterns of society, the writer must be familiar with the literature that is used to educate the student, or the student progresses only to outdated sources. In order to prevent this from happening, sociological essay samples can help students by providing ideas and examples to guide their research.

Hebrews The Son Of God - 1748 Words

Funtasha Montgomery Professor David Gainey New Testament 2 December 2014 Hebrews Jesus, the son of God. It was He who sent his only son to die for the sins of all men and women. It was a sacrificial type love that tore the veil, allowing all to live in the presence of the Holy Spirit. In this New Covenant, those who accept Jesus as their Lord and Savior are forgiven for the sins they have yet to commit. Due to persecution, the second generation of Christians became tempted to go back to their Jewish ways, the teachings of the Old Covenant. The book of Hebrews was written by an unknown author. It was written to Rome to remind the people that Jesus Christ, is Superior to every aspect of the Old Covenant. Therefore Christians must be faithful in the New Covenant. Throughout the book, however, the writer makes significant points in the argument with warnings to the readers. In the expression of these warnings, it appears to be evident that the warnings are to project the possibility of not securing an assured salvation. In the introduction of the book, the author clearly states that after Jesus provided purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of Majesty in heaven, and it was then, when he had become more superior to the angels. In fact the angels worshiped him. At this time, the author presents the first warning, which addresses the supremacy of the passage, Christ over angels. In principle, the point is not to â€Å"drift† (Holy Bible. Hebrews 2:1). Those who rejectShow MoreRelatedThe God Of Genesis : Biblical And Destruction Of Humankind1363 Words   |  6 Pagesprimary patriarch. Exodus focuses on Moses as he guides the Hebrews out of Egypt and the rules the Hebrews must obey in order to thrive in Israel. The scriptures in Deuteronomy continue the description of the commandments. But, the book of Joshua deviates away from the focus of the previous chapters. Instead of the chain of power moving from the prophets and onto their sons, Joshua, Moses’ servant, becomes the n ew prophet. A family god focuses their attention onto the immediate bloodline, like inRead MoreHebrews, No, One Really Knows Who Is Or Are?868 Words   |  4 PagesHebrews In the book of Hebrews, no, one really knows who is or are the authors. However, it is inclined that due to the references it makes to the letters that Apostle Paul that he was the author. Jesus preexistence and creatorship (Hebrews 1:1–4; Colossians 1:15–17). The giving of gifts by the Holy Spirit (Hebrews 2:4; 1 Corinthians 12:11). The humiliation of Christ (Hebrews 2:14–17; Philippians 2:5–8). The new covenant (Hebrews 8:6; 2 Corinthians 3:4–11). Later it would be challenged becauseRead MoreThe And Of The Hebrew Bible888 Words   |  4 Pagesfeatured in the Hebrew Bible. This small nation requires each Israelite to be willing to die for the moral code and religious statutes handed down by their god, Yahweh. This ideal of selflessness is evident throughout the Hebrew Bible, but especially so in the stories of two midwives, the mother of Moses, and a prophet called Amos. Here, Israelites show the importance of being willing to sacrifice anything for their society in the forms of their community, their family, and their God. In the veryRead MoreMoses s Life Fit Into One Of The Most Influential Figure1727 Words   |  7 PagesMoses Is one of the most prominent figures in the Old Testament. Moses was the man chosen to bring redemption to his people. God chose Moses to lead the Israelites from captivity in Egypt to the salvation of a promised land. I will explore the life of Moses from his childhood years all the way to his death and the 10 commandments. At the end I will be answering some questions about Moses. The questions I will be answering are 1.) How this character’s life fit into one of the sessions themes? 2.)Read MoreVirtue Of Hospitality : Homer s Odyssey And The Holy Bible990 Words   |  4 Pagesprophets such as Amos, Hosea, Zachariah, Isaiah and Jonah, Homer writes his epic poem, The Odyssey, in a strictly pagan method. Both The Odyssey and the Holy Bible praise the virtue of hospitality; however, it is evident that the Ancient Greeks and the Hebrews have contrasting motivations for hospitality. Therefore, it is no surprise that Odysseus’ voyage home was epically arduous. Greeks were famed for establishing and following an abundance of laws. One of their most cherished laws was known as xeniaRead MoreBible - Role of Abraham1638 Words   |  7 PagesHebrew Bible Paper - Abraham Abraham stands as one of the most important figures in the Hebrew Bible, and is central to the understanding of God#8217;s solution to the problem of mankind. Man, the mysterious creature that God wraught as a semi-experiment, is constantly prone to believe he is self-sufficient and capable of survival without God, the central problem God must deal with in the Hebrew Bible. To solve this problem, God decides to strike fear in the heart of man and to revolutioniseRead More A Comparison of the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Hebrew Scriptures1302 Words   |  6 Pages A Comparison of the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Hebrew Scriptures The Hebrew Flood story of Noah and his obligation to preserve man kind after God had punished all living creatures for their inequities parallels The Epic of Gilgamesh in several ways. Even though these two compilations are passed on orally at different times in history the similarities and differences invoke deliberation when these stories are compared. Numerous underlining themes are illustrated throughout each story. Humans areRead MoreTextual Critical Problems Of The Old Testament845 Words   |  4 Pagesproblems in the Old Testament. The phrase â€Å"sons of God† will be examined in Deuteronomy 32:8, and the word â€Å"Shiloh† in Genesis 49:10. These issues have caused much debate as to how one should interpret these verses in light of the textual critical problems. This paper will examine both passages and provide solutions to each of the textual critical issues. Deuteronomy 32:8 Deuteronomy 32:8 has caused controversy because of the phrase × Ã—™×”×Å"×  ×™×  Ã—‘ or × Ã—™×Å"×  ×™×  Ã—‘ â€Å"sons of God.† Some have postulated that this readingRead MoreThe Effects Of Cultural And Religious Diversity On The World1701 Words   |  7 Pagesand the religion of the Hebrews provides evidence about the different and similar patterns in human-Divinity interrelationships, as exemplified by Odysseus and Athena as well as Job and God. The research of two ancient texts, Odyssey and Bible, show that the power and influence of the Hebrews’ God is more significant than the power and influence of any particular god in the Ancient Greek Olympus, which makes the human and the Divinity more distant in significance in the Hebrew image of the UniverseRead MoreOld Testament Essay1772 Words   |  7 Pagesof the universe. God created heaven and earth in six days and rested on the seventh. During those six days God spoke to the darkness an d created the world, brought forth light, created the sky, land and animals and plants to inhabit them. However, even during this creation he was contemplating the creation of a being made in his own image. He created man from dust and named him Adam, but Adam was lonely; so God took from Adam

Obesity Is A Common Problem - 1222 Words

Throughout the world, obesity is a common problem. This is especially true for the United States. About 22 million children were obese at the age of five in 2007 (Stern and Kazaks 1), and this trend keeps growing every year. Effects of obesity control quality of life from something as simple as ease of mobility to as serious as mental health issues regarding low self-esteem. The negative impact of obesity influences daily life from breaking down traditional family meals, the amount of physical activity being done, and problems that obese children are facing. Obesity is a condition of being extremely overweight. Before time, this worldwide concern has been gradually increasing every year. Obesity is not just a problem in America but it also is starting to be a problem in Canada, and Europe such as England, France, northern Italy, Holland, and Germany â€Å"More than a third of Canadian children aged 2 to 11 are overweight†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Eberstadt 2). Obesity is slowly creeping its way across the nation â€Å"1 in 10 children is overweight, and even the youngest are affected† (Kazaks and Stern 1). This is an epidemic problem that some people believe that the government should be involved to try and solve the case of obesity. Food is a necessity to survive, but there comes a point when what a person eats negatively affects their body. The fast food industry is a big part of today’s society. Although fast food restaurants are cheaper, fresh produce such as fruit and vegetables are more expensive.Show MoreRelatedObesity : A Com mon Problem990 Words   |  4 PagesObesity has become a common problem in society. The main debate now, is why it has suddenly become so prominent and how we can help lower the obesity rate in future generations. There are many different beliefs surrounding obesity and this article is one of the more controversial ones. Included in this article are different types of experiments and evidence that are meant to sway the audience in to agreeing with the author, even if that means mocking and criticizing the evidence and theories he disagreesRead MoreObesity : A Common Problem2023 Words   |  9 PagesObesity is a common problem in America that continues to increase throughout the years. It is a problem because of the life threatening side effects that are posed to a lot of individuals. A lot of blame is placed on the laziness of the modern times. People are getting lazy and don’t go outside or have any form of exercise anymore. Meanwhile, there are fast food chains catering t o these people, continuing to increase everywhere people go. It is common knowledge that fast food is not healthy. UnhealthyRead MoreChildhood Obesity Is A Common Problem1652 Words   |  7 Pages Childhood obesity is a medical condition of being overweight or obese. This condition has continued to grow and increase over the past five decades. In the US alone there are more than three million cases per year. For one to be obese it means that the individual is significantly overweight for their age and height. The way to tell if someone is obese or overweight is by a BMI, which stands for body mass index. Being overweight is defined as having a BMI that is at or above the 85th percentile toRead MoreObesity Is A Global Problem. Obesity Is Becoming Common,1174 Words   |  5 PagesObesity is a global problem. Obesity is becoming common, costly, and deadly. Nearly 70% of Americans are overweight or obese. Kansas is the 13th most overweight state in the country. â€Å"More than a thir d of adult residents designated as obese† (Dunn, 2015). The obesity rate in the 45 states that the research was conducted in did not change, but the rate in Kansas raised. â€Å"The Kansas obesity rate has risen every year since the government started collecting data in 1995; back then the obesity rate satRead MoreThe Common Health Problems Associated With Obesity And Overweight1706 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION One of the most common health problems associated with the actual lifestyle is overweight. Obesity and overweight considered as one of the most troubling issues of the 21st-century public health (WHO, 2014) is a major risk factor in the development of many chronic diseases, such as respiratory and heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cancers, as well as premature death. Treatment, recommended by a health professional, is based on a healthy diet with all the nutritional valueRead MoreObesity : A Common And Serious Public Health Problem1464 Words   |  6 PagesObesity is classified as one of the extremely common and serious public health problems in the world. Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading global risks of mortality in the world (World Health Organization, 2009). Furthermore, they are one of the major factors of for a number of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, heart disease, stroke, diabetes and cancer (World Health Organization, 2005). According to NHS UK, obesity is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more forRead MoreExercise On Childhood Obesity Is Becoming A Common Problem1821 Words   |  8 Pageshealth. The growth of medicine has grown into many dangerous fad diets.Schools should implement more focus on exercise because childhood obesity is becoming a common problem. We can create more focus on exercis e by breaking up the exercise up during the school day. Schools should implement more focus on exercise because childhood obesity is becoming a common problem. We can create more focus on exercise by breaking up the exercise up during the school day. Exercise helps kids stay healthy and studentsRead MoreFat Loss Factor Program Scam Obesity - one of the most common problems –impels people much tensed900 Words   |  4 PagesFat Loss Factor Program Scam Obesity - one of the most common problems –impels people much tensed about their career and relationships. A large segment of people are suffering from obesity due to lack of nutrient food habits and rightly clicked exercises. To fill in the gap there mushrooms lots of weight loss programs together with substandard ones. People frustrated with their obesity enter into the maze of thousands of programs to choose the best one. But they get more frustrated when they selectRead MoreImpact of Obesity Essay examples540 Words   |  3 Pages Over the decades, obesity has become an increasingly severe and expensive setback. D. Milton Strokes commented in The Impact of Obesity on Healthcare Delivery that in the year 2000, the United States spent over 117 billion solely on obesity related issues. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2000, more than 64% of American adult population are obese. These obese individuals were determined to be unhealthily overwei ght by the Body Mass Index (BMI), a system thatRead MoreChildhood Obesity: A Growing Problem795 Words   |  3 PagesChildhood obesity is a growing problem that needs to be resolved. Many people may say it is the Child’s fault, he is weak willed. This is just a common misconception; there are hundreds of different reasons for childhood obesity. I will just be scratching the surface of this paper. By the same token childhood obesity is a growing problem that needs to be resolved. We can achieve this by understanding some common misconceptions, understanding health problems, and understanding fitness. Therefore

Edward Bernett Was An English Anthropologist And The...

Edward Bernett Tylor was an English anthropologist and the founder of cultural anthropology. Tylor was focused on defining the context of the scientific study of anthropology that was based on evolutionary theories inspired by Darwin and Lyell. His stance as an evolutionist fueled his belief that researching the prehistory and the history of man could be used to compare and reform modern societies. Therefore, through the use of the comparative method and historical ethnography, which included travel logs, Tylor attempted to reveal the stages of development of cultures/civilizations. Tylor’s defines culture and civilization as a â€Å"phenomena related according to definite Laws-Methods of classification and discussion of evidence- Connexion of successive stages of culture by, Permanence, Modification, and Survival†¦ it is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society† (28). His definition of culture led him to believe that uniformity was manifested in culture, which resulted in uniform actions enabling uniform causes. Furthermore, Tylor states that â€Å"stages of culture may be compared without taking into account how far tribes who use the same implement, follow the same custom, or believe the same myth, may differ in their body configuration and the color of their skin and hair† (31). Meaning that although groups of humans are different through the analysis of parallel

Maslow and Motivation Hierarchy Method (Sample Solution)

Question: Discuss about the Maslow and Motivation Hierarchy Method. Answer: Introduction Strategic Human Resource Management (Gobind 2014)is about sourcing, inducting, training and development, rewarding, and retention of employees for the benefit of the organization. It is a process of management of the complete lifecycle of the employee in the organization for the mutual benefit of both. The focus of this approach is human resources in the organization in context of the goals and strategies of the firm and the challenging nature of work due to fast paced changes in the environment. It also involves the alignment of other HR strategies (Bagga and Srivastava 2014) such as reward and recognition or performance management and determines how they can be integrated into the overall business strategy. It begins with the process of clearly defining the goals and objectives of the organization and then aligning the HR strategy with it. It ensures that the entire workforce of the organization integrates into strategic planning and that HR policies (Bagga and Srivastava 2014) are consistent across the work levels and departments and the same are universally accepted by all the employees and used by line managers in conduct of their daily duties. When HR becomes a partner in the business strategy rather than responsible only for legal compliance, payroll and compensation management it leads to organization success. Strategic Human Resource Management enhances organizational performance in both good and bad economic times. The evolution (Beer 2015) of Human Resource Management has been very interesting. In pre industrial revolution era the economy society was largely agrarian with very limited production and human capabilities, and the number of specialized crafts was limited within the village or community and exchange was through barter. The learning of the specialized crafts was passed down generations within the family and the communication channels (Deadrick and Stone 2014) also were under developed. Then came the period of Industrial Revolution (Beer 2015) (1750 to 1850) which transformed the economy from agrarian to industrial. This was the beginning of machine age and no of factories were set up in which large no of workers were employed. A personnel department was set up in the factory to look into the wages of the workers, maintenance of their records, and much very less importance was given to the welfare of the workers. The workers working in the industries or factories were usually exploited and ill- treated, made to work long hours, and provided fewer wages. The labor was always seen as a cost meant to be reduced while ensuring that the production was increased. There was a big communication gap between the management and the workers, and this led to a growing unrest in the labor community. The workers started to protest and form groups and notable fallout of these events was the growth of labor Unions (1790).This led to conflicts between the labor and management leading to strikes, lockouts, slowdown of work leading to loss of productivity etc. To deal with these issues the management and the personnel department had to be political and diplomatic and any agreement with the union was seen as a win only if it was in favor of the management. There was hardly any concept of employee satisfaction or motivation. This was therefore a loselose situation for both the employees as well as the organizations. Post the Industrial Revolution (Beer 2015) in 1850 the term Human Resource Management saw a major change and numerous experiments and studies were conducted during this period which changed the entire perspective of HRM. Frederick W. Taylor propounded the theory of scientific human resource management (Deadrick and Stone 2014) (1857 to 1911) and the focus of the same was primarily on training of the workers, maintaining parity of wages and improving the productivity of the workers. In a similar manner Hawthorne experiments conducted by Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger (1927 to 1940) spoke about better work satisfaction leading to better efficiency of the workers. Later, Douglas McGregor (1960) developed the Theory X and Y (Deadrick and Stone 2014) of motivation in which Theory X stressed on inherent dislike of work and to professed a system of reward and penalties coupled with strict supervision whereas Theory Y on the other hand spoke of internal motivation to work. At the same t ime Maslow spoke of Hierarchy of needs (Taormina and Gao 2013) (1954) and tried to explain the different needs of different types of people and considered employees as a valuable resource in variance to the earlier negative and passive approach to human capital management. As a result, human resource function gained importance and was considered a line function closely associated with core business operations, and most of the activities (J. Phillips and P. Phillips 2014) namely sourcing and recruitment, employee rewards and benefits, training and development, salaries linked to performance and performance appraisals played an important role in improving the performance of the organizations. Strategic Human Resource Management has evolved post-1990 and is assuming a major role in running of the organizations today. The focus of this approach is in the alignment of individuals goals and priorities with that of the corporate (Bagga and Srivastava 2014) and the importance of differentiation with respect to competition which results in a long term impact on the success (Arora 2016) of the corporate. Strategic Human Resource Management is, therefore, all about doing a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) of the corporate. It analyses the opportunities and threats (Gobind 2014) that exist in the external environment of the corporate and looks internally to get a good understanding of the organizations strengths and weaknesses which forms the basis of formulating the strategic direction followed by implementation of the same and also evaluation of the progress so that the objective is met. It, therefore, believes in prioritization of resources (Wang and Shyu 2008) and all major decisions are taken in alignment with the objectives. It also optimizes resources and time taken correcting ad-hoc or wrong decisions and tries to harmonize individual behaviors into a total team effort. It creates a collaborative and cooperative team effort to innovate and tackle business opportunities and threats and brings in a degree of formality to the management of human capital and business (Jones and Martain 2013) and enables the organizations to deal travails of business in a far more disciplines and systematic fashion. During economic prosperity or when the business is expanding (Paauwe, Guest and Wright 2013) the SHRM approach gives an ability and flexibility to adapt quickly to the change of direction and align resources to participate in the growth. During the time of growth (Gerhards and Heinz 2017) when the business is expanding the organization must attract the right talent who are either from the same industry or a different industry with the relevant skill sets, therefore can be quickly trained and deployed to become productive. It could involve making changes in the compensation and benefits and offering a work environment that is better than the competition to ensure that business has resources to grow or grab market share from the competition. Companies must invest in training and development (Kramar 2013) of all employees during times of prosperity so that the employees stay relevant to the business now and in future and they also perceive a value addition to their skills. Assessing whe re the knowledge gap (Nolan 2010) is should be a key focus in a learning environment. The performance evaluation system (Arora 2016) helps assess the performance and potential of employees and also gaps in development which can then be used to fine tune learning and development programs and prepare them for the future (Sung and Choi 2013). This approach makes sure that the employees continue to receive training and development inputs (Kramar 2013) when the times are good which will result in more nimble and relevant workforce enabling them to change according to the changing economic climate. One has seen enumerable examples of this happening in Telecom sector across nations when an existing operator expands into a new market and tries to make a dent in the business of the incumbent operators in that market ex when Airtel entered the Africa market they were competing with existing players such as Globacom etc. While they deployed lot of trained resources from the parent to set up th e business but at the same time they either acquired local operators along with their workforce or recruited local talent to help understand the local markets. Therefore for the incumbents engaging and retaining these employees who are now trained and productive becomes a focus area whereas the new operator is looking for trained manpower. Similarly during the sudden changes in the business strategy or a downturn (Cook, MacKenzie and Forde 2016) SHRM again plays an important role in managing the change which could mean redeployment of excess manpower, out-placement of resources (Thomas 2009) or managing the attrition in a manner that it does not hurt the business in the short term. Making sure employees have been properly selected (Thomas 2009) for a reduction in force will reduce the risk of monetary loss to the business and manage the transition of employees into different responsibilities or other temporary roles. By making sure people are trained, the cost of unemployment (Sung and Choi 2013) will be less if they are ready to be employed elsewhere. Keeping HR involved in the conversations and abreast of changes in business strategy (Bagga and Srivastava 2014) will lower the risk of mismanaging downsizing. In fact, the role of SHRM is a far more critical in an economic downturn especially when the company is downsiz ing as retaining the good talent (Pardey 2007) becomes a bigger challenge. The HR team should be strong enough to have the experience and knowledge to manage the most expensive asset (J. Phillips and P. Phillips 2014) businesses have, its employees. Having the HR team involved (Gerhards and Heinz 2017) managing change during business downturns is critical to making sure employees are ready to face changes the future brings. The recent consolidation of telecom sector in India where in the last few years the number of players in each of the Telecom circles have come down from more than ten players to four or five operators. This has resulted in mergers and acquisitions, downsizing of operations, and loss of jobs in a highly competitive industry. It may be appropriate to conclude that the Human Resource Management as a function has progressively evolved through the years. While the personnel management was involved with rules and regulations of the employee welfare todays strategic human resource management considers employees as assets and extremely critical to bring profits to business. On the contrary organizations are far more open to recognize this change and willing to engage (J. Phillips and P. Phillips 2014) with employees to be part of these profits and also work actively in improving their skill sets as per the requirements of the current role or future needs of the organization. Those days are gone when training (Clifford and Thorpe 2007) used to be considered a cost as now it is considered as an investment which business cannot ignore. It has been rightly said that Organizations would rather spend on training and have trained employees who leave rather than having untrained employees who stay. So whether the econo mic conditions are good or adverse Strategic Human Resource Management is very critical for enhancing the performance or smooth functioning (Bagga and Srivastava 2014) of the business. The future growth in the area of human resource will be in harnessing the power of rapidly evolving technology (Deadrick and Stone 2014) for every aspect of workforce management, instead of limiting it to just maintaining payrolls, etc. In future the digitization of organizations (Zhang 2014) and the amount of data available to process and draw meaning from will bring a whole new meaning to this strategic approach to management of the human capital. The business world is changing very fast and the organizations are increasingly recognizing the fact that the employees are an asset rather than a cost (Hennessy and McCartney 2008); therefore, more and more companies are increasingly focusing on integration of the entire workforce with the business strategy along with the process of setting up a vision, mission, goals, and objectives of the Organization. The Strategic Human Resource Management (Bagga and Srivastava 2014) is a process of transformation of the entire human capital of the organization by aligning it with the stated business strategy of the firm with the intent of improving the performance. The Best Fit and Best Practice are the two types of approaches (Gobind 2014) to Strategic Human Resource Management. The Best Fit approach believes in the fact that the HR strategy is far more effective and efficient if it is synchronized to business environment (Hennessy and McCartney 2008) prevailing in the organization. Therefore it tries to ensure that the HR policies and practices are vertically integrated (Gilbert, De Winne and Sels 2015) into the business strategy. It also makes sure that the HR strategy is in line with the different lifecycle stage of the organization and ensures that the processes and culture (Patil and Kant 2012) of the organization are integrated with the same. This approach is more appealing to the HR practitioners as it increases their involvement in decision making (Phillips 2011) as the rejection of one size fits all approach (Hong 2009) gives them far more options to experiment with and bring in their individual flavor to the decision making process. There are three models (Boxall and Purcell 2016) namely the Lifecycle Model, Best fit and Competitive strategy model and Strategic Configuration model. The lifecycle model consists of four stages (Hennessy and McCartney 2008) very similar to product lifecycle namely Start-up, Growth, Maturity, and Decline and therefore the HR strategies for each of the stages are quite different. In the Start-up phase, the human resource management is more informal, and everyones involvement is expected to do everything to get the business started though some functional expertise is also required. In the growth phase the new employees are inducted, and the organization structure gets streamlined and becomes more formal and specialized. In this phase the focus is to hire functional experts, and people with can-do attitude as the organization is into a building phase and requires a lot of hard work, energy, and innovation. During this time policies and work practices are set up paving the way for culture building (Patil and Kant 2012) in the organization. In the maturity phase, the focus is on retention of employees, building their capabilities so tha t these resources give them the edge against the competition. The decline is the most difficult phase, as the company goes through a downturn, the profitability has to be maintained by cutting costs and the HR team is called upon to rationalize or downsize. In thebest fit and competitive model, the competitive strategy of the organization is defined say with the help of Porters five competitive strategies and also the best fit HR practices and policies and the expected employee behavior that goes well with them. In the case of say low- cost competitive scenario the job descriptions are clear and narrowly defined that encourage specialization and expertise. The appraisals are short term and result oriented, and there is a minimal focus on training and development with a close focus on market parity of salary levels for the same kind of jobs. The behavior expected from employees is repetitive and predictable with average concern for quality but a greater emphasis on volume, and usually, the activities performed are independent of the individual and more dependent on the machines. This kind of scenario prevails in job work and low-quality manufacturing set ups. The Strategic Configuration model (Hennessy and McCartney 2008) proposed by Delery and Doty (1996) talks of market type system or internal type system and tries to match it with the type of organizations proposed by Miles and Snow (1978) based on the rate at which they changed their products or markets namely Prospectors, Defenders, Analyzers, and Reactors. Similarly, Mintzberg (1979) classified organizations as Simple Structure, Machine Bureaucracy, Professional Bureaucracy, Divisionalized form, and Adhocracy. In the market type system, there is hardly any use of internal ladders or formal training or appraisals and tends to use external hiring. There is no job security and the roles are also not clearly defined whereas in the Internal type system there is greater emphasis on internal talent progression, formal training, and clear role definitions. In this approach, if there is alignment between the HR practices and organization strategy it would be highly beneficial. 'Best practice' approach, on the other hand, believes that certain 'best' human resource practices (Edmondson 2010) which are time tested and successfully proven would result in improvement in the organizational performance, improvement in employee attitude, lower attrition and absenteeism and better productivity. This model is also referred as high commitment model. The California Management Review listed Best Practices for competitive advantage (Edmondson 2010) namely selective hiring, pay for performance, employment security; self managed teams, extensive training, and sharing information. Another element of best-practice is horizontal integration of various policies and consistency between them. When we think of best practice, it implies approaches which are well researched and benchmarked. It assumes a one size fit all approach (Hong 2009) which is a tried and tested recipe for success and also an approach which is the better than the rest. The underlying objective of both the Best Fit and Best Practice approach is to achieve high performance; therefore, there is a lot of commonality between the two. Both focus on the organization strategy and what kinds of performance levels are expected from the employees (Ingham 2010) to achieve the same. Therefore both consider employees as assets and resources to achieve the objectives. Both have staffing and hiring strategies (Edmondson 2010) which include selective hiring, extensive training, and employment security, a structure that encourages employee participation and pay policies and rewards that are higher than other industry competitors. Above all both of them view HR as a link in supporting the organization strategy. On the other hand there are quite a few differences between the two approaches as well, and at a generic level, best fit is a contingency approach as it is based on the organizations objectives whereas best practice is a universal approach as it takes the standard best practices and applies the same universally. The Best Fit method is based on the fact that HR policies and practices should depend on the environment of the organization and its overall business strategy. The factors determining HR strategy (Edmondson 2010) is dependent on the organization size, geographic location, technology adopted, business strategy, industry type, labor market, management and economic conditions. Best practice is referred as a universal approach (Kuvaas and Dysvik 2010) as it documents the benefits of human resource management across all contexts. For the Best Fit approach, the organizational strategy is primary which is followed by the formulation of systems and practices achieve the goals however , in case of Best Practice a pre determined set of practices which are time tested and proven are set before the strategy is even decided. In the Best Practice model, the best practice is identified first, top level commitment is taken, then sold to internal stakeholders, implemented, measures for performance is fixed and then performance is rewarded. However, in 'Best Fit' model the external fit linked to the business strategy is identified and then linked to the HR strategy. To be more specific say for example in case of rewards and recognition (Ingham 2010) both approaches have a difference of opinion regarding the influence of pay in people of the employees. Best Fit system believes in pay as a motivator of human beings and works on the premise that employees perform better if they know that the effort will be rewarded. Therefore the Best Fit method believes in carrot and stick approach to motivation and financial aspect is a major consideration in rewards and recognition of emp loyees. The Best Practice approach on the other hand considers pay as a hygiene factor (Edmondson 2010) that prevents dissatisfaction and provides symbolic recognition that employees are valued. It believes that individual rewards destroys relationships and promotes a feeling of distrust amongst employees. Therefore this system promotes team incentives and recognition as a tool to motivate employees than pay for performance. In conclusion, the moot question is which one of the two approaches are better? It is clear from the arguments above that the every organizations need to define a unique strategy dependent on its operating market environment, resources, objectives, and the requirements of its stakeholders. It is therefore imperative for the organizations to manage its resources in a planned and coherent manner in line with its business strategy. On the other hand if we implement some of the best practices and focus our energy on benchmarking ourselves with our competitors within the industry then we are not really doing the best for our own organization neither we are using our energies properly. Benchmarking (Ingham 2010) does help determine what your accomplishments really are, and gives you a chance to exceed the best in the business. A great example from the Industry is of Motorola which was an early pioneer in benchmarking and one of its successes was to slash the time taken to close the books o f accounts from fourteen days to two day. On the other hand another great example of a potential downfall of benchmarking is when the leader tries to benchmark within the same industry illustrated by Southwest Airlines which tried to benchmark its refueling processes against other airlines and discovered it was already one of the leaders in the industry. They then benchmarked themselves with turnaround processes used during pit stops in Formula One racing and managed to reduce its refueling time to 12 minutes. So the question to ask is whether we should fit our organization to the Best Practice or should we consider a best fit approach that considers the unique organizations characteristics which can at the same time leverage the relevant aspects of Best Practice. The point to consider is whether we should compare our organization to others in the industry or we keep ahead of our competitors and strive for continuous improvement. The best thing for every organization to do would be design the HR programs as per its unique situation and this would involve evaluating the current programs or practices, fixing the desired future state, and considering the Best Practice that leads to the desired future state. Following the Best practices blindly may not be best option for the organization as each organization is unique however, drawing from the experience of the others in the industry and modifying it to suit ones situation may be the best alternative in the fast paced and changing times. Therefore follow a Best Fit approach while adapting the Best practices from the Industry as per the needs of the Organization. References Arora, Rajat. 2016. 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